Python¶

Python is a widely used high-level programming language for general-purpose programming, created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991. An interpreted language, Python has a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability (notably using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks rather than curly brackets or keywords), and a syntax that allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than might be used in languages such as C++ or Java. The language provides constructs intended to enable writing clear programs on both a small and large scale.

Python features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management and supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative, functional programming, and procedural styles. It has a large and comprehensive standard library.

Python on the IT4Innovations Clusters¶

On the clusters, we have the Python 3.X software installed. How to use these modules is shown below.

Note

Use the ml av python/ command to get up-to-date versions of the modules.

Warn

Python 2.7 is not supported - EOL January 1st, 2020.

$ ml av python/

------------------------------------------------------ /apps/modules/lang -------------------------------------------------------
   Python/3.8.2-GCCcore-9.3.0    Python/3.8.6-GCCcore-10.2.0    Python/3.9.5-GCCcore-10.3.0 (D)

  Where:
   D:  Default Module

  If you need software that is not listed, request it at support@it4i.cz.

Python 3.X¶

Python 3.0 (a.k.a. "Python 3000" or "Py3k") is a new version of the language that is incompatible with the 2.x line of releases. The language is mostly the same, but many details, especially how built-in objects like dictionaries and strings work, have changed considerably, and many deprecated features have been removed. In addition, the standard library has been reorganized in a few prominent places.

$ ml av python3/

------------------------------------------------------ /apps/modules/lang -------------------------------------------------------
   Python/3.8.2-GCCcore-9.3.0    Python/3.8.6-GCCcore-10.2.0    Python/3.9.5-GCCcore-10.3.0 (D)

  Where:
   D:  Default Module

  If you need software that is not listed, request it at support@it4i.cz.

Used Module Python/3.x¶

$  python --version
Python 2.7.5
$ ml Python/3.8.6-GCCcore-10.2.0
$ python --version
Python 3.8.6

Packages in Python/3.x¶

$ pip3 list
Package                       Version
----------------------------- ----------
alabaster                     0.7.12
appdirs                       1.4.4
ase                           3.22.0
asn1crypto                    1.4.0
atomicwrites                  1.4.0
attrs                         20.2.0
Babel                         2.8.0
...
...
$ pip3 list | wc -l
138

How to Install New Package to Python/3.x¶

$ ml ml Python/3.8.6-GCCcore-10.2.0
$ python --version
Python 3.8.6
$ pip3 install pandas --user
Collecting pandas
  Downloading pandas-1.3.3-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (11.5 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 11.5 MB 4.8 MB/s
...
Installing collected packages: pandas
Successfully installed pandas-1.3.3

How to Update Package in Python/3.x?¶

$ pip3 install setuptools --upgrade --user
Collecting setuptools
  Downloading setuptools-58.0.4-py3-none-any.whl (816 kB)
     |███████████████████████████████▎| 798 kB 5.4 MB/s eta 0:00:01
     |███████████████████████████████▊| 808 kB 5.4 MB/s eta 0:00:01
     |████████████████████████████████| 816 kB 5.4 MB/s
Installing collected packages: setuptools
Successfully installed setuptools-58.0.4